A study of the factors associated with outcome in the patients of Guillain barre syndrome

 

Vijay S Nagaonkar

 

Abstract              Background: GBS is an acute monophasic immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy with a mean age of onset of 40 years that affects slightly more males than females of all ages, races and nationalities. The worldwide incidence of GBS ranges from 0.6 to 4.0/100,000 people Aims and Objectives: To study the factors associated with Outcome in the patients of Guillain Barre syndrome. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study carried out carried out in the patients suspected of Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS) were screened by Nerve conduction test (NCT) and those who are shown the features suggestive of GBS were included into the study. The details of the patients like age sex, clinical features, Outcome and associated factors with the poor outcome were noted. The data was entered to excel sheet and analyzed by excel software for windows 10. Result: The majority of the patients were having age of 20-30 were 28.95%, followed by 30-40 were 23.68%, 10-20 were 13.16%, 40-50 were 10.53%, <10, 50-60, >60 were 7.89%. The majority of the patients were Male i.e. 65.79 % and Female were 34.21%. The most common clinical features were Tingling and pain in the soles and palms found in 92.11% of the patients followed by Weakness of limbs in 89.47%, Ptosis/ophthalmoplegia in 65.79%, Facial nerve involvement in 55.26%, Sensory symptoms found in 50.00%, Respiratory difficulty found in 28.95%, Bulbar symptoms in 18.42%. The majority of the patients recovered i.e. 42.11%, followed by Recovered with residual weakness in 31.58%, On Ventilator in 15.79%, Death in 10.53%. The factors associated with the poor outcome were like Age more than 40 were 60.00%, followed by Pneumonia in 50.00%, Pneumothorax in 40.00%, Presence of Autonomic dysfunction in 30.00%, Hypokalemia in 20.00%, Presence of Bleeding in 10.00%. Conclusion: It can be concluded from our study that the majority of factors associated with poor outcome were Age more than 40 Yrs., Pneumonia, Pneumothorax, Presence of Autonomic dysfunction, Hypokalemia Presence of Bleeding etc

Key Word: Guillain Barre syndrome(GBS), Outcome of GBS , Nerve conduction studies