Comparison of fasting and post prandial lipid profile in patients of IHD

 

 

Abstract              Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is widespread in both developed and developing countries and remains the main cause of death despite recent advances in diagnostic facilities and treatment regimens. Hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia are considered the independent risk factors but most of the earlier studies in this area have considered only the fasting lipids and lipoproteins. Aims and objectives: To compare the fasting and post prandial lipid profile in patients of IHD attending tertiary care institute. Materials and method: In the present study 30 patients of IHD reporting to Department of Medicine, SRTR Medical College, Ambajogai were enrolled after taking informed consent. Study duration was from January 2018 to December 2018. The diagnosis of CHD was based on previous history of myocardial infarction, ECG evidence, echocardiography, coronary artery bypass grafting surgery or coronary angiogram. All these patients were free of any clinical event for a period of at least six months prior to the study. All the enrolled patients were underwent detail clinical examination and the findings were enrolled in the prestructured proforma. Venous blood sample was collected aseptically for each subject after a twelve hours overnight fast and then two hours after a mixed diet. Lipid profile and blood sugar were done in fasting samples and postprandial (PP) samples- blood sugar in 2 hour PP and lipids in 4 hours PP samples. Results: Tobacco chewing (40%) was the most common risk factor observed followed by smoking (26.67%) and hypertension (23.33%). It was observed that mean fasting sugar level of the study subjects was 85.41±21.24mg/dl while post prandial sugar level was 112.65±24.52mg/dl. Mean fasting triglycerides was 211.02±63.8mg/dl and mean post prandial triglycerides 275.65±47.9mg/dl and the difference was statistically significant. Fall in post prandial total cholesterol (229.72±53.8mg/dl) was observed as compared to fasting level (243.87±64.3mg/dl) but the difference observed was not statistically significant. Mean fasting HDL was 42.76±4.7mg/dl while mean post prandial HDL was 40.65±3.5mg/dl. It was seen that mean fasting LDL was 156.48±23.8mg/dl and mean post prandial LDL was 145.76±31.4mg/dl. It was observed that post prandial VLDL levels (41.76±28.54) were raised as compared to fasting VLDL levels (37.93±17.5) but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Thus we conclude that there was that there was no significant clinical difference between fasting and nonfasting levels of total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL except Triglycerides where TG was raised statistically significant post prandialy.

Key words: IHD, lipid profile, Fasting, post prandial.