Study of left ventricular functions in asymptomatic obese individuals with 2D echo cardiography

 

Abstract              Background: Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems. Obesity increases adverse cardiac events in many ways. These may be indirectly mediated through risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome like dyslipidemia, hypertension, and glucose intolerance, or effects from sleep disorders associated with obesity. Amis and objectives: To study of Left ventricular functions in asymptomatic obese individuals with 2 D echo cardiography. Materials and method: In the present cross sectional Descriptive study total 50 cases with body mass index more than 30 were included. Detailed history of each patient was recorded on the prestructured proforma. Clinical examination was done and relevant investigations were done. All the patients were subjected to resting 12 lead electro-cardiography. 2D Echo study was performed in all patients with special attention to the left ventricular function. The collected data was entered in Microsoft excel and was analyzed and presented with appropriate graphs and tables. Results: Out of 50 asymptomatic obese individuals maximum, (36%) were between 41-50 years of age. Female predominance was observed. 62% were females and 38% were males. Maximum obese individuals (60%) were in Class I obesity while 32% were in class II and 8% were in Class III. 23 (46%) subjects had hypertension. 24 (48%) had dyslipidemia and 18 (36%) had smoking as a risk factor for coronary artery disease. It was seen that maximum patients (36%) had normal ECG, low voltage complexes were commonest abnormal finding found in 20% of the subjects. Left ventricular hypertrophy was seen in 16% individuals. T wave inversion was seen in 12% obese individuals.ST-flattening and left axis deviation was seen in 8% individuals each. In the present study 54% subjects had normal 2D-Echocardiograph. Left ventricular hypertrophy was found in 32% subjects, diastolic dysfunction was found in 10% subjects and Left ventricular hypertrophy+diastolic dysfunction was found in 4% subjects. Conclusion: Thus we conclude that Obesity was more common in middle age group i.e. between 41-60 years of age. Among the asymptomatic obese individuals on 2 D echo cardiography the Left ventricular hypertrophy was found in 32% subjects while Left ventricular hypertrophy with diastolic dysfunction was found in 4% subjects.

Key words: Asymptomatic obese individuals, 2 D echo cardiography, Left ventricular functions