A study of thyroid functions on patients of type 2 diabetes milletus

 

 

Abstract              Background: The association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and thyroid dysfunction (TD) has been reported in medical literature since 1979. Many studies have reported varying prevalence (10%–24%) of TD in T2 DM. Aims and objective: To study the thyroid functions in the patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and method: Total 84 patients were suffering from Type II diabetes were enrolled in the present study. Patients with Type 2 diabetes aged more than 30 years, irrespective of glucose control and irrespective of type of treatment (OHA/insulin) were enrolled in the study. A detailed history was taken regarding presenting symptoms, duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus and clinical course of disease. A family history was taken with special reference to type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular accident. All the findings were recorded in a prestructured proforma. A thorough clinical examination was done. Detailed blood investigations were done including serum TSH, free T3 and free T4. Five mL of venous blood was drawn from each subject. Results: Majority of the patients of were in the age group of 51-60years (41.67%) of age followed by 41-50 years (28.57%) and 61-70 years (19.05%). Majority of the patients were male (61.90%) in the present study. It was observed that majority of the patients (60.71%) were suffering from diabetes mellitus for less than 5 years. Majority of the patients (75%) were on oral hypoglycaemic drugs followed by combined treatment with OHA and insulin (14.29%) and only insulin treatment (10.71%). It was observed that 85.71% diabetic patients were having normal thyroid profile while prevalence of abnormal thyroid profile was 14.29%. It was seen that Subclinical hypothyroidism was present in 9.52% patients. Overt hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 2.38% patients. Overt hyperthyroidism and Subclinical hyperthyroidism was seen in 1.19% patients each. Conclusion: Thus we conclude that the prevalence of abnormal thyroid profile was 14.29%. Where subclinical hypothyroidism the common finding followed by overt hypothyroidism. Overt hyperthyroidism and Subclinical hyperthyroidism was seen in 1.19% patients each.

Key words: type 2 diabetes milletus, thyroid functions