A study on ischemia modified albumin, carbonylated protein and its association with glycated hemoglobin in type II diabetes mellitus

 

 

Abstract              Aim: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder resulting to hyperglycemia. This occurs due to β islet cell dysfunction of pancreas characterized by inadequate insulin secretion or it may occur due to insulin resistance. This progressive metabolic disorder leads to vascular complications. Oxidatively modified protein molecules vary over a wide range and are crucial in assessing the clinical relevance in various disease conditions. Protein modification indicators include glycosylation, disulphide formation and the protein carbonyl formation etc. The present study was taken up to determine the Oxidative stress in terms of Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) and Oxidation of proteins by Protein carbonyls which can predicts the risk of protein damage in type II diabetes. Materials and Methods: Sixty healthy individuals and equal number of patients with Type II diabetes attending to R. L. Jalapa hospital and Research Centre were recruited into the study. Protein carbonyls estimated according to Levine et al. method and IMA by Albumin cobalt binding assay. Results: Protein Carbonyl and IMA were significantly increased in Type II diabetes patients (1.68±0.47 nmol/ml), (0.299±0.128) when compared to controls (0.70±0.34 nmol/ml), (0.071±0.067) with p < 0.001, CI 99.5. HbA1C levels were significantly increased in type II diabetes (70.04±20.8 mmol/mol) compared to controls (37.40±6.7 mmol/mol) with p < 0.001, CI 99.5. However, no statistical significant difference observed with respect to plasma insulin levels. Conclusion: The present study showed that, the risk of rising Oxidative stress hints to the protein oxidation in type II diabetes contributing significantly to associated complications that leads to morbidity and adversely affects the quality and length of life.

Key Word: Oxidative stress, Ischemia Modified Albumin, protein Carbonyls, Type II Diabetes.