Association of HbA1c with coronary heart diseases like ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction in diabetic patients

 

 

Abstract              Background: Caradiac affliction is by far the commonest cause of mortality in patients with Diabetes. Cardiac involvement in Diabetes commonly manifests as coronary artery diseases like IHD, Myocardial Infarction. Diabetes puts patients at increased risk for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and its associated complications. Compared with non diabetics, Diabetics have a 2 to 4 times increased rate of death from heart disease and is also influenced by Chronic hyperglycemia and poor control of blood sugars. Recent studies have linked higher HBA1C  levels with increased risk of Coronary Heart disease Thus the present study was designed and conducted with an aim to evaluate association between HBA1C  with Ischemic Heart disease (IHD) and Myocardial Infarction (MI) in patients with Diabetes mellitus. Aims and objectives: This study was done with an objective to know the Association between HBA1C with CHD like IHD and MI in patients with Diabetes mellitus. Methodology: This was a retrospective study where medical records between January 2018 and December 2018 of all diabetic patients admitted in CCU with diagnosis of MI and IHD were enrolled after obtaining the approval from the institutional ethical committee. 65 Diabetic patients (with and without CHD) admitted to CCUS were enrolled who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. HbA1c concentrations on CCU admissions were taken from the patients reports. Age, sex, duration of Diabetes was taken. Data was summarized by frequency and percentage and represented in the form of diagrams. Inferential methods such as Chi square test/ Fischer Exact test were used to compare .Analysis was performed by SSP17 software and P value less than 0.05 considered as significant. Results: Coronary Heart diseases like Ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction were more common in Diabetics with higher HbA1c values above 8 % (poor control) when compared to diabetics with HAB1C below 8% (fair control). And was also significantly increased with prolonged duration of Diabetes. Conclusions: Uncontrolled Diabetes is related significantly with risk of CHD, this association is affected by chronic hyperglycemia.

Key Words: Diabetes mellitus (DM), HBA1C, Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD), Myocardial Infarction (MI), Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)