Study of clinical profile of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients at a tertiary care center

 

Sarang Chimanlal Dahyabhai1, Paraji A Bachewar^2*

 

Abstract              Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may be caused by different etiologies and the prevalence in the adult population is estimated to be between 8–16%. CKD increases patient morbidity and mortality mainly due to progression to end-stage renal disease and a disproportionate increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), the most advanced stage, when the kidneys can no longer maintain homeostasis of the body, the patient will depend on dialysis or kidney transplant. Present study was aimed to study clinical profile of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients presenting in a tertiary care center. Material and Methods: This study was a prospective, observational type, conducted in patients with CKD, >18 years age taking treatment in our tertiary care center. Results: In present study total 135 patients were included. Most common age group involved was 40-59 years (41 %), followed by age group ≥60 years (30 %). In present study mean±SD was 47.57 ± 11.43 years. Male patients outnumbered female (61 % male, 39 % female ). Male to female ratio was 1.6:1. For age mean±SD in male patients was 48.26 ± 11.93 years, while it was 46.32 ± 10.14 years in female. In patients with CKD, we noted hypertension (47%), diabetes (35%), anemia (30%), hyperlipidemic disease (26%) and coronary artery disease (10%) were common co-morbidities present. 19 % patients had no major medical co-morbidity present. Hypertensive nephropathy (44%), chronic glomerulonephritis (27%) and diabetic nephropathy (19%) were most common etiologies noted in present study. Other less common etiologies were Tubulo-intestitial disease (1%), ADPKD (1%), Obstructive uropathy (2%), Miscellaneous (3%) and Unknown (1%).Renal function has been graded according to the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative guidelines. We noted 0%, 36%, 30%, 21% and 13% Patients of stage 1,2,3,4 and 5 respectively. Conclusion: Periodic screening is must in patients with one or more co-morbid conditions (e.g. hypertension, diabetes melitus,etc ) so as to prevent CKD. India needs more kidney care centers to provide dialysis, renal transplant facilities for increasing population of CKD.

Key Word: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), co-morbidities