A clinical profile and factors associated with swine flu patients at tertiary health care centre

 

Sanjay Pandharinath Patil¹, Janrao Bhaurao Rajput^2*

 

¹Assistant Professor, ²Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Dr. Ulhas Patil Medical College and Hospital, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, INDIA.

Email: drrajputjt@gmail.com

 

Abstract              Background: Swine flu (Swine Influenza) pandemic of 2009 was started by swine origin Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 virus strain. Pregnant individuals, children under 2 years of age, young adults, and individuals with any immune compromise are likely to have a worse prognosis. Although the basic determinants of swine flu transmission are common, the magnitude and nature of these factors vary from community to community. Amis and objectives: To study the clinical profile and factors associated with Swine flu patients reporting at the tertiary health care centre. Materials and Methods: In the present retrospective descriptive, record-based study all the cases of suspected Influenza-like illness attending the study institute during the study period were selected and were investigated further. The diagnosis of h1n1 influenza A (swine flu) was confirmed by RT-PCR or culture. A predesigned semi-structured Proforma was used to collect details such as socio-demographic details, detailed address, clinical data of patient. The collected data was entered in Microsoft excel and was analysed and presented with appropriate tables and digraphs. Results: Out of total 523 patients presented with influenza-like illness 54 patients were confirmed cases of h1n1 influenza A (swine flu) by RT-PCR or culture. Majority of the patients were between the age group of 21-30 and 31-40 years of age (29.63% and 25.93% respectively). The proportion of female was 55.56%. 88.89% patients were from urban area. The most common presenting symptom was fever (96.30%) followed by was cough (83.33%) and sore throat (59.26%). Diabetes mellitus (16.67%) was the most common co-existing medical condition, followed by chronic renal failure (3.70%) and pregnancy (3.70%). Bilateral pneumonia was diagnosed on x-ray in 46.30% patients whereas unilateral consolidation was diagnosed in 11.11% patients. Conclusion: Thus we conclude that young age, predominantly male from urban area were most commonly affected by h1n1 influenza A (swine flu). Fever, cough and sore throat the most common presenting symptom whereas Diabetes mellitus was the most common co-existing medical condition. Bilateral pneumonia was diagnosed on x-ray most commonly.

Key Words: Swine flu, H1N1, RT PCR.