A study of clinical profile and factors associated with diabetic ketoacidosis at tertiary health care center

 

Ramdas Bokil

 

Abstract              Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis is an acute metabolic complication of diabetes characterized by the triad of hyperglycemia, acidosis, and ketosis that take place in the presence of very low levels of effective insulin action. Aims and Objectives: To Study Clinical profile and factors associated with Diabetic Ketoacidosis at tertiary health care center. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study in the patients who were admitted to the tertiary health care center with diabetes keto acidosis during the one-year period i.e. March 2015 to March 2016, all detailed history of the patients .The data is presented in the tabular form expressed in tabular form. Results: the majority of the patients were in the age group of 30-45 i.e. 38.78 followed by 45-60 i.e. 24.49%, >60 -22.45%, 15-30 -14.29% respectively. Majority of the patients were Female i.e. 59.18%, Followed by Male i.e. 40.82 %. The most common clinical features were Nausea and Vomiting i.e. 90.00%, Excess Urination -65.00%, Abdominal pain in 59.00%, Breathing difficulty -55.00%, Tachycardia in 54.50 %, Altered consciousness in 49.23%. Most common associated factors like Patients discontinued insulin in 45%, followed by HbA1C > 9 were 39%, H/o infection were 35%, Low BMI in 29%, H/o Psychological stress in 15%, and H/o Delayed or improper management of diabetes in 13%. Conclusion: It can be concluded from our study that The most common clinical features were Nausea and Vomiting , Excess Urination , Abdominal pain in , Breathing difficulty, Tachycardia etc. and the most common associated factors were Patients discontinued insulin followed by HbA1C > 9, H/o infection, Low BMI, H/o Psychological stress , H/o Delayed or improper management of diabetes etc.

Key Word: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), Clinical features of DKA, Risk factors of DKA.