Study of acute coronary syndrome in young adult patients: Echocardiographic and angiographic findings

 

Mareppa Kattimani¹, Debabrata Goswami^2*

 

¹Ex PG, ²Professor, Department of General Medicine, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, INDIA.

Email: mareppakattimani622@gmail.com

 

Abstract              Background: The prevalence of ACS in young adult has progressively increased in India. Echocardiography in the emergency room may facilitate early diagnosis and management in those patients with a high clinical suspicion of MI but a non-diagnostic ECG. Coronary angiography more often shows normal coronary arteries, prompting for a search for non-atherosclerotic etiology. Aim: To study the echocardiographic and angiographic findings of ACS in young adult patients. Material and Methods: Patients aged 40 years or less than 40 years of age who were diagnosed as case of acute coronary syndrome. Echocardiography was done as a precath procedure to find out the presence of wall motion abnormality prior to coronary angiography and to correlate it with findings of coronary angiography. Results: Total of 50 ACS patients, 32 patients (64%)has diagnosed with STEMI, 12 patients(24%) with NSTEMI and UA in 6 patients (12%). Only 3 patients (6%) had severe abnormality in EF (%<30) with majority having (27 patients) mild to moderate left ventricular systolic dysfunction.44 patients (88%) had regional wall motion abnormality on Echocardiogram.In this study single vessel disease (SVD) found in 29 patients (58%), double vessel disease in 13 patients (26%). Conclusion: Single vessel disease and STEMI presentation were predominant in young patients with majority having mild to moderate left ventricular systolic dysfunction on echocardiography. Thus screening of young healthy people is necessary.

Key Words: Acute coronary syndrome, young adults, echocardiography, angiography.