Study of glycemic control and prevalence of anemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

 

D Anil Kumar¹, A Madhav^2*

 

 

Abstract              Background: The problem of Diabetes in India is so concerned that, India is known as the capital of it. This life style related disease has emerged as a result of industrialization and urbanization. Aims and Objectives: To Study Glycemic control and prevalence of Anemia in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of General Medicine, of a tertiary care teaching hospital during the one year period i.e. July 2017 to June 2018. All the type 2 Diabetic patients who were either present at OPD or admitted in IPD were screened for Anemia. Before starting this study, the pilot study was carried out for one month. In this period the prevalence of Anemia was 18%, the sample size for the study was calculated by the formula n= , the final Sample size was 456 and the 456 type 2 Diabetic patients with written explained consent were included into our study, randomly during the One yearperiod. Information of all the patients like age, sex etc. was noted, all patients undergone HbA1C and Hb%. The statistical analysis was done by Chi-square test calculated by SPSS 19 version software. Results: In our study we have seen that the majority of the patients in the age group of 40-50 were 43.42%, followed by 30-40 were 21.49%, 50-60 were 14.69 %, >60 were 12.72%, 20-30 were 7.68%.The majority of the patients were Male 55.70% and Female were 44.30%. 43.27 % patients with poor Glycemic control, 37.50% patients with Moderate control, 14.42%patients with Good control, and Only 4.81 %patients with Excellent glycemic control were Anemic in comparision to 56.53%patients who were having Excellent glycemic control, 27.84% with Good control, 9.09% with Moderate control and 6.53% patients were having Poor glycemic control. From this it is clear that as the Level of HbA1C increases with respect to poor glycemic control, the prevalence of Anemia also increases. This difference is statistically significant (χ² = 168.1, df=3,p< 0.0001). Conclusion: It can be concluded from our study that the prevalence of Anemia was high in the patients with poor glycemic control.

Key Words: Glycemic control (HbA1C), type 2 Diabetes, Anemia(Hb).