Study of pulmonary function tests in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending tertiary care centre, Raichur

 

 

Abstract              Background: Diabetes mellitus could lead to loss of elasticity, altered perfusion characteristics and weakness of the respiratory muscles responsible for ventilation. The pulmonary complications of diabetes mellitus have been poorly characterised. Aim: To study the pulmonary function tests in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending tertiary care centre, Raichur. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 60 patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Navodaya Medical College and Hospital, Raichur. The spirometric and DLCO findings were studied along with fasting and post-prandial blood sugar level, HbA1C levels. Results: Out of 10 patients of well controlled diabetes group, 6 patients had reduction in FVC%. In moderately controlled group, 11 out of 21 patients had reduced FVC%. In poorly controlled group, 11 out of 33 patients had reduced FVC%. (p-value- 0.21). Out of 21 patients in moderately controlled group, 2 had reduction in FEV1/FVC%. In poorly controlled group 3 out of 33 patients had reduced FEV1/FVC%. There was a correlation between duration of diabetes and FVC%. Conclusion: The PFT should be essentially done in these patients for better management as pulmonary parameters are seem to be affected in patients of diabetes. The effect on the FVC was even more pronounced in diabetics who had duration of disease longer than 5 years.

Key Word: Diabetes mellitus, pulmonary function test, HbA1C, duration, FEV1/FVC%