A study of clinico-demographic profile of different opportunistic pulmonary infections in HIV/AIDS patients at teaching hospital

 

Vyankatesh Patki^1*, Riyaj Mujawar²

 

¹Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science and Research, Vidyagiri, Satara, Maharashtra, INDIA.

²Senior Resident, Department of Cardiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, INDIA.

Email: patkivijay1176@rediffmail.com, riyaj_miraj@yahoo.com

 

Abstract              Background: HIV/AIDS most frequently affects the lungs and the failure of the respiratory system is one of the leading causes of death in these patients. Opportunistic pulmonary infection in HIV positive patients may have atypical presentation. The early diagnosis and treatment of these infections can reduce morbidity and mortality and improve the quality of life of HIV patients. Material and Methods: A total of 97 HIV seropositive cases, seen in Medical OPDs and those admitted as indoor patients more than 18 years old and with two successive reactive ELISA sera (by rapid tests as recommended by the NACO) later confirmed by Western Blot Test and with clinical and or radiological evidence of respiratory involvement were included in the study. Results: Sexually active age group (26-30years) was commonly affected with HIV and there was a male preponderance of cases. Unprotected heterosexual contact was the most common possible mode of transmission of HIV. The commonest symptom was weight loss while respiratory symptoms were more severe and seen at increased frequency with declining CD4 counts. The commonest opportunistic pulmonary infection was pulmonary tuberculosis and found at all CD4 count. Discussion: Considering the demographic factors in this study, there is still a need to raise awareness of HIV, its modes of transmission and methods of prevention especially among the poorly educated, low socioeconomic strata, CSWs and other high-risk groups.

Key Words: HIV, opportunistic pulmonary infection, CD4 count, high risk groups.