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MedPulse - International Medical Journal, ISSN 2348-2516 E-ISSN: 2348-1897
Volume 2, Issue 6, June 2015 pp 339-341
Research Article
Study of the clinical profile of neonatal seizures
Sameer Kumar Jain
Associate Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Lakhiram Agrawal Memorial Medical College Raigarh, Chhattisgarh, INDIA.
Abstract
To study the incidence, etiological factors, day of onset, clinical types and various biochemical abnormalities in neonatal seizures. A total of 102 neonates with neonatal seizures of either sex who were admitted at our hospital and developed seizures before 28 days of life were enrolled in the study. Their detailed history, physical examination and appropriate investigations were recorded on a predesigned proforma. Out of 102 neonates the incidence of neonatal seizures in the admitted cases was 8.5%. The seizures were more common in male babies 53% as compared to female babies 47%. 62.74% neonates were born to primigravida mothers while 37.36% neonates were born to multiparous women. Hospital delivered babies has less incidences of neonatal seizures 6.86% when compared to outside deliveries 17.77%. In these babies, 44.96% neonates had multifocal clonic seizures, 22.94% had subtle seizure, 21.10% had tonic seizure, 19.17% had clonic seizures and 1.83% had myoclonic seizures. Perinatal asphyxia is the leading cause of neonatal seizures in the present study 60.78%. The other causes of seizures in the order of frequency are infections, hypoglycemia, hypocalcaemia, intracranial haemorrhages, kernicterus and idiopathic in 4 cases. 45.09% of neonates have developed seizures on first day. Out of 102 babies, 16.66% neonates expired. The most common causes of neonatal deaths were severe perinatal asphyxia seen in 55% neonates followed by intracranial haemorrhage 30%, infections in 10% and kernicterus in 5 % neonates. The commonest causes of seizure in term babies was perinatal asphyxia with majority presenting to us within the first 72 hrs. Multifocal seizures were the commonest type of seizure observed in our study. Hypocalcaemia and hypoglycemia are the most common biochemical abnormality seen in neonates with seizures.
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