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MedPulse - International Medical Journal, ISSN 2348-2516 E-ISSN: 2348-1897

Volume 1, Issue 2, February 2014 pp 69-74

Research Article

Clinical Profile and Prevalence of Opportunistic Infection in HIV Patients Attending Pediatric Department

Vikas N. Solunke¹, Milind B. Kamble², Amol R. Suryawanshi³, Pallavi Saple⁴, Manish M. Tiwari⁵, Bhete S. B.⁶, Garad S. B.⁷

{^1,3,5Assistant Professor, ⁴Professor and HOD, Department of Pediatrics}

Swami Ramanand Teerth Rural Government Medical College and Hospital, Ambajogai, Maharashtra, INDIA.

²Professor and HOD, Department of Pediatrics, Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College, Nanded, Maharashtra, INDIA.

⁶Department of Pharmacology, Topiwala National Medical College and Nayar Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, INDIA.

Academic Editor : Dr. Bhanap P. L.

Abstract

Introduction: It is important to concentrate on pediatric HIV as it differs from adult HIV regarding epidemiology, mode of transmission, diagnosis, immunology, pathology and clinical spectrum, management and presentation. The opportunistic infection also varies in pediatric and adult HIV regarding incidence, clinical manifestations, and presentations and after all its influence on morbidity and mortality. Aims and objectives: To study the clinical manifestations and prevalence of various opportunistic infections in pediatric HIV. Methodology: The present study was carried out in the department of pediatrics from January 2008 to June 2009. The study population included the patients who were already HIV positive or diagnosed later on investigation on suspicion of the clinical features, attending OPD or IPD of Pediatric department. Following criterion was used enroll the patients in the study. Total 144 HIV positive pediatric patients were diagnosed and were enrolled in the study. Detail history, clinical examination and lab investigation were conducted and various opportunistic infections were indentified in the study population. Results: It was observed that the majority (61.80%) cases were below 5 yrs of age. Severe malnutrition (Gr.III and IV) (59.02%) was the most common examination finding. It was followed by pallor (51.38%), respiratory signs (47.22%), lymphadenopathy (44.44%) etc. Prevalence of opportunistic infection in the present study was 83.3%. Among the opportunistic infections majority of cases were of tuberculosis (44.44%). It was followed by recurrent diarrhea (34.02%), recurrent pneumonia (29.86%), and oral candidiasis (25%) respectively. Conclusion: Prevalence of opportunistic infection in the present study was 83.3%.the most common opportunistic infection was TB followed by recurrent diarrhea and respiratory infection.